Monday, April 30, 2007

Sentry enzyme blocks paths to Parkinson's disease

Source: St. Jude Children's Research Hospital
Date: April 30, 2007

Summary:

The degeneration of brain cells that occurs in Parkinson's disease may be caused by either externally provoked cell death or internally initiated suicide when the molecule that normally prevents these fatal alternatives is missing, according to studies in mouse models by investigators at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital.

Cure For Congenital Inability To Smell An Odor

Source: Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology
Date: April 30, 2007

Summary:

New discoveries about the biochemical basis of the majority of cases of the congenital inability to smell any odor, no matter how strong, have enabled their discoverer, Dr. Robert I. Henkin, director of The Taste and Smell Clinic in Washington, DC, to treat such patients, enabling them to smell something for the first time in their lives.

Seed study might help stem cell research

Source: United Press International
Date: April 30, 2007

Summary:

German scientists have found genomic imprinting is not always essential for seed development -- a finding with implications for stem cell research.

Study: Stem cells report olfactory nerves

United Press International
Posted: April 30, 2007 5:18 PM ET

Summary:

U.S. researchers identified a "backup supply" of stem cells that can repair the most severely damaged nerves responsible for human olfactory sense.

Smelling for first time results from knowing abnormalities in congenital loss of smell

Source: Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology
Date: April 30, 2007

Summary:

New discoveries about the biochemical basis of the majority of cases of the congenital inability to smell any odor, no matter how strong, have enabled their discoverer, Dr. Robert I. Henkin, director of The Taste and Smell Clinic in Washington, DC, to treat such patients, enabling them to smell something for the first time in their lives.

Aastrom Initiates Adult Stem Cell Clinical Trial for Peripheral Arterial Disease

Source: Aastrom Biosciences, Inc.
Date: April 30, 2007

Summary:

Aastrom Biosciences, Inc. (Nasdaq:ASTM), a regenerative medicine company, today announced that it has initiated its U.S. Phase IIb prospective, controlled, randomized, double-blind, multi-center clinical trial to treat patients suffering from peripheral arterial disease (PAD), a chronic disease that progressively restricts blood flow in the limbs and can lead to serious medical complications.

Sunday, April 29, 2007

Adult Stem/progenitor Cells Repair Of Damaged Brain, Pancreas, Kidney Cells Newly Understood

Source: Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology
Date: April 29, 2007

Summary:

New studies by Tulane University researchers are shedding light on the previously mysterious mechanism through which even relatively small amounts of stem/progenitor cells taken from a patient’s own bone marrow enhance repair of damaged tissues. The cells not only differentiate to replace injured cells, as had been understood, but they also stimulate the proliferation and differentiation of stem cells already present in the injured tissue. The study's lead author says better understanding of the different mechanisms of these stem/progenitor cells suggests multiple strategies for developing new therapies for a broad range of diseases. It also may help make such treatments more effective and minimize potential dangers.

When smell cells fail they call in stem cell reserves

Source: Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions
Date: April 29, 2007

Summary:

Hopkins researchers have identified a backup supply of stem cells that can repair the most severe damage to the nerves responsible for our sense of smell. These reservists normally lie around and do nothing, but when neighboring cells die, the scientists say, the stem cells jump into action. A report on the discovery will appear online next week in Nature Neuroscience.

Scientists restore memory in mice with neurodegeneration

Source: Howard Hughes Medical Institute
Date: April 29, 2007

Summary:

Mice whose brains had lost a large number of neurons due to neurodegeneration regained long-term memories and the ability to learn after their surroundings were enriched with toys and other sensory stimuli, according to new studies by Howard Hughes Medical Institute researchers. The scientists were able to achieve the same results when they treated the mice with a specific type of drug that encourages neuronal growth.

Reversing cancer cells to normal cells: Tumor cells exposed to embryonic microenvironment of stem cells

Source: Northwestern University
Date: April 29, 2007

Summary:

A Northwestern University scientist describes new research that used an innovative experimental approach to provide unique insights into how scientists can change human metastatic melanoma cells back to normal-like skin cells -- by exposing the tumor cells to the embryonic microenvironment of human embryonic stem cells, the zebra fish and the chick embryo.

Friday, April 27, 2007

New gene discovered in human stem cells may benefit transplant patients

Source: University of Oxford
Date: April 27, 2007

Summary:

Oxford scientists have for the first time revealed a link between a gene and the activity of human stem cells, giving hope that stem cell transplant success for blood cancer patients may be significantly improved. It is hoped that the discovery may in the future lead to genes playing a clinical role in stem cell transplants particularly in the context of cord blood.

Stem Cell Propagation And Neurogenesis Can Now Be Studied In Cell Culture

Source: Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine
Date: April 27, 2007

Summary:

Researchers are now able to study stem cells from the brains of adult mice and their neurogenesis in long-term cell cultures. Harish Babu an Dr. Gerd Kempermann (both from the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, MDC, Berlin-Buch, the Volkswagenstiftung Research Group at the Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany) have developed a new method which allows them to generate exactly those neurons from stem cells in cell culture as those that would develop in the living brain.

Thursday, April 26, 2007

Canadian researchers 'create' leukemia stem cell, watch disease unfold

Source: Canadian Press
Date: April 26, 2007

Summary:

Canadian researchers have converted normal human blood cells into leukemia stem cells, then transplanted them into lab mice and witnessed the disease unfold. The groundbreaking research involved infecting cells from umbilical cord blood with a virus engineered to carry one of the genes known to cause certain types of leukemia. The genetic alteration created primitive leukemia stem cells, which were then injected into specially bred lab mice.

Scientists identify key to integrating transplanted nerve cells into injured tissue

Source: Schepens Eye Research Institute
Date: April 26, 2007

Summary:

Scientists at the Schepens Eye Research Institute, an affiliate of Harvard Medical School, have identified a key mechanism for successfully transplanting tissue into the adult central nervous system. The study found that a molecule known as MMP-2 (which is induced by stem cells) has the ability to break down barriers on the outer surface of a damaged retina and allow healthy donor cells to integrate and wire themselves into remaining recipient tissue.

Cancer scientists create 'human' leukemia process to map how disease begins, progresses

Source: Princess Margaret Hospital
Date: April 26, 2007

Summary:

Cancer researchers led by Dr. John Dick at Ontario Cancer Institute (OCI) have developed a method to convert normal human blood cells into "human" leukemia stem cells. The converted cells, when transplanted into special mice that permit the growth of human cells, can replicate the entire disease process from the very moment it begins. The findings are published in the journal Science.

Wednesday, April 25, 2007

Horses lead humans in stem cells race

Source: Reuters
Posted: April 25, 2007 10:19am ET

Summary:

Stem cell therapy may be controversial in human medicine but in the world of horse racing it is becoming the odds-on favorite for tackling tendon damage by extracting stem cells from the animal's own sternum and then purify and multiply them in a laboratory. Soon the same technology could be applied to humans.

Tuesday, April 24, 2007

Sea Squirt Study May Help Human Medicine

Source: United Press International
Date: April 24, 2007

Summary:

A U.S. study may lead to a major advance in human regenerative medicine, the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology says. Research conducted at Stanford University shows a human evolutionary ancestor, the sea squirt, can correct abnormalities during a series of generations, suggesting a similar regenerative process might be possible in humans.

Scientists make major breakthrough in regenerative medicine

Source: Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology
Date: April 24, 2007

Summary:

Findings described in a new study by Stanford scientists may be the first step toward a major revolution in human regenerative medicine—a future where advanced organ damage can be repaired by the body itself. In the May 2007 issue of The FASEB Journal, researchers show that a human evolutionary ancestor, the sea squirt, can correct abnormalities over a series of generations, suggesting that a similar regenerative process might be possible in people.

Nanotechnology offers hope for treating spinal cord injuries, diabetes, and Parkinson's disease

Source: Project on Emerging Nanotechnologies
Date: April 24, 2007

Summary:

Scientists are combining nanotechnology and biology to enable the body to heal itself and mobilize the body’s own healing abilities to repair or regenerate damaged cells. The research could enable damaged organs—kidneys, liver, heart—to be stimulated to heal themselves and injured tissues to be repaired and completely and permanently relieve effects of neurodgenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s Disease or Alzheimer’s Disease.

Monday, April 23, 2007

Nanotechnology could be basis of future cures

Source: Chicago Tribune
Date: April 23, 2007

Summary:

The Chicago Tribune examines the application of nanotechnology to regenerative medicine in order to grow new brain tissue to treat degenerative conditions such as Parkinson's disease or Alzheimer's disease.